What does the term "least-privileged user access" refer to in the context of ZTNA?

The term "least-privileged user access" in the context of Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) refers to the principle that users are granted the minimum level of access necessary to perform their job functions. This approach limits access to only those resources that are essential for a user's specific role, thereby reducing the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive information and systems.

By enforcing this principle, organizations can minimize the attack surface and enhance their overall security posture. If a user's access is restricted to only what they need, even if their credentials are compromised, the potential damage is limited because the attacker would only have access to a narrow range of resources.

The other choices illustrate different concepts of access control that do not align with the principle of least privilege. For instance, granting full access to all company resources contradicts the idea of minimizing privileges according to job requirements. Similarly, allowing users to change their own access levels poses a risk to security as it undermines the centralized management of access. Finally, requiring re-authentication at every login is more related to identity verification than the specific concept of least-privileged access.

Thus, the correct answer reflects the core idea of restricting user permissions strictly to what is necessary for their role, in line with ZTNA