What is the primary function of a next-generation firewall (NGFW) in a network?

The primary function of a next-generation firewall (NGFW) is to provide advanced security features that go beyond the capabilities of traditional firewalls. This includes not only basic traffic filtering but also sophisticated functionalities such as deep packet inspection, application awareness, intrusion prevention systems (IPS), and the ability to manage and control VPN connections.

NGFWs are designed to recognize applications regardless of the port number or protocol being used, allowing for granular control over the traffic that traverses the network. This capability helps establish more effective security policies based on user identity, application type, and specific behaviors, thereby enhancing the overall security posture of the network.

In addition, NGFWs can perform traffic management, which involves prioritizing traffic based on policies, thus improving the performance and reliability of critical applications. This multifaceted approach to network security and management distinguishes NGFWs from traditional firewalls, which primarily focus on basic packet filtering and connection restrictions.

This comprehensive set of features ensures that NGFWs are equipped to handle the evolving threat landscape, making option B the most accurate representation of their primary function.